What is Sciatica?
Sciatica is nerve pain caused by irritation, inflammation, or compression of the sciatic nerve. It starts in the lower back, passes through the buttocks, and goes down each leg. Sciatica is a symptom of an underlying problem rather than a standalone disease.
What Sciatica Feels Like
- Sharp, shooting pain from the lower back down the leg
- Burning or electric shock sensation
- Tingling or pins and needles in the leg or foot
- Numbness in the leg or foot
- Muscle weakness
- Pain that worsens when sitting, coughing, sneezing, or bending
Common Causes
- Herniated or slipped disc: The soft center of a spinal disc pushes out and presses the nerve.
- Spinal stenosis: Narrowing of the spinal canal, common in older adults.
- Piriformis syndrome: A tight buttock muscle irritates the sciatic nerve.
- Spondylolisthesis: One vertebra slips over another.
Red Flags: When to Seek Immediate Medical Care
Go to the emergency room immediately if you have:
- Loss of bladder or bowel control
- Sudden severe leg weakness
- Numbness around the groin or inner thighs (saddle numbness)
- Severe pain following physical trauma
Treatment Options
- Conservative treatment: Physical therapy, stretching, walking, ice and heat therapy, anti-inflammatory medication, and avoiding long bed rest.
- Medical treatment: Targeted steroid injections, prescription nerve pain medication, or muscle relaxants.
- Surgery: Considered only if pain is persistent, severe muscle weakness develops, or conservative treatment fails after several months.
Medical Educational Disclaimer:
The information provided on this page is intended for clinical education and informational purposes only. It does not replace individualized medical advice, clinical diagnosis, or orthopedic surgical consultation. If you are experiencing acute pain or severe joint instability, please contact our Davao clinic or your nearest emergency medical center immediately.